I can say a Roverpet canine whelping box, also known as a puppy nesting box or pet whelping pen, is designed to protect puppies. For example, during birth (whelping) and early life is important. In addition, by keeping them safely contained, protected from cold, & safe from the danger of crushing, smothering by female.
For instance, pooch whelping boxes vary from improvised cardboard boxes to purpose built equipment, typically made of plywood. I will say the desirable features include ease of cleaning, sanitation, modular, & toughness. For example, some canine breeding environments portability is important. In addition, it’s typically achieved through light weight design & emphasis on simple setup & takedown.
Most importantly, the sides of the Roverpet puppy dog whelping box are designed to be high enough to safely contain the puppies. For instance, low enough to allow the mother to enter and leave comfortably. Most importantly with consideration given to her protruding mammary glands. I would say the puppy whelping box is provisioned with a doorway with adjustable height for the same purpose. For example, the bottom of the Roverpet pet canine whelping box may be lined with specially designed pooch whelping pads.
I can say layers of newspaper (or fabric) to provide insulation from cold floors. I will say canine whelping pads can absorb fluids. For instance, the Roverpet canine X pen fabric covers or partial covers are often used on top to provide a “den-like” environment. I would say the Roverpet dog x pen full covers may be used to prevent puppies from escaping.
Best of all most puppy dog whelping boxes will include a low railing (termed rails, pig rails, or roll-bars) fixed to the inside perimeter of the box. In addition, to protect puppies from being crushed or smothered by the mother should she roll over during birthing.